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目的掌握福建省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情动态,为防制工作提供科学依据。方法对2013-2015年福建省疫情报告进行统计分析;采用笼夜法捕获鼠形动物,计算鼠密度及构成比,应用免疫荧光法对鼠肺进行汉坦病毒(HV)抗原检测及分型。结果 2013-2015年福建省报告HFRS患者1 309例,平均发病率为1.16/10万。疫情分布广泛,邵武、晋江、石狮市发病数位居全省前3位,邵武市、松溪、政和及周宁县发病率均>5/10万。室内平均鼠密度为6.83%,褐家鼠为主要鼠种,其携带汉城型HV(SEOV);混合型疫区野外平均鼠密度为5.60%,黑线姬鼠为主要鼠种;首次从云霄、清流和明溪县的褐家鼠及黄胸鼠中检出HV抗原。结论福建省HFRS的宿主动物以褐家鼠为主。2013-2015年福建省HFRS疫情严重,邵武市、松溪、政和及周宁县的HFRS发病率均高于中发县,应做好防鼠灭鼠工作,对重点人群推广使用HFRS双价疫苗,降低发病率,严防鼠传疾病暴发流行。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Fujian Province and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control work. Methods Statistical analysis of epidemic situation in Fujian Province from 2013 to 2015 was conducted. The murine-shaped animals were captured by cage-night method and the density and composition ratio of the mice were calculated. The detection and typing of Hantavirus (HV) antigen in mouse lungs were performed by immunofluorescence. Results A total of 1 309 HFRS cases were reported in Fujian Province from 2013 to 2015, with an average incidence of 1.16 / 100 000. The epidemic is widely distributed. The incidence of Shaowu, Jinjiang and Shishi ranks among the top 3 in the province. The incidence rates of Shaowu, Songxi, Zhenghe and Zhouning are all above 5 / 100,000. The mean indoor rat density was 6.83%. Rattus norvegicus was the main mouse species, carrying Seoul HV (SEOV). The average in-vitro rat density was 5.60% The HV antigen was detected in Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus in Mingxi County. Conclusion The main animal of HFRS in Fujian Province is Rattus norvegicus. The incidence of HFRS in Fujian Province was very high in 2013-2015. The incidence of HFRS in Shaowu, Songxi, Zhenghe and Zhouning was higher than that in Zhongfa County. Anti-rodent control efforts should be made to promote the use of HFRS bivalent vaccine in key populations. Reduce the incidence, prevent rodent disease outbreaks.