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目的 探讨新生儿肺气漏的危险因素及预后。 方法 通过对 2 2例新生儿肺气漏的临床资料、X线检查、治疗及转归进行分析。 结果 新生儿肺气漏以气胸居多 ,占 86 4%。 2 2例中自发性气胸仅 3例 ,占 13 6% ,多发生于有原发性肺疾病的患儿 ,其中MAS 7例 ( 3 1 8% ) ,RDS 5例 ( 2 2 7% ) ,羊水吸入性肺炎 4例 ( 18 2 % ) ,宫内感染性肺炎、湿肺、先天性食道闭锁并食管气管漏各 1例。住院时间为 10h～ 19d ,平均 7 3d。 13例痊愈 ,4例死亡 ( 3例为RDS ,1例为MAS) ,5例因家长要求而放弃治疗。 结论 新生儿肺气漏临床较少见 ,一旦发生进展很快 ,重者危及生命 ,因此预防其发生、早期诊断及合理治疗是改善预后 ,降低死亡率的关键。
Objective To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of pulmonary air leak in neonates. Methods The clinical data, X-ray examination, treatment and outcome of 22 cases of neonatal pulmonary air leak were analyzed. Results The majority of pneumoconiosis in neonates was pneumothorax, accounting for 86.4%. There were only 3 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax (13.6%) in 2 of 22 cases, which occurred in children with primary pulmonary disease, including 7 cases of MAS (31.8%), 5 cases of RDS (22.7%), Amniotic fluid aspiration pneumonia in 4 cases (18 2%), intrauterine infection pneumonia, wet lung, congenital esophageal atresia and esophageal tracheal leakage in 1 case. Hospitalization time was 10h ~ 19d, an average of 7 3d. Thirteen patients recovered, 4 died (3 RDS and 1 MAS) and 5 were given treatment for their parents. Conclusions Newborns with pneumoconiosis are rare, and once the progress is rapid and life threatening in severe cases, prevention of their occurrence, early diagnosis and rational treatment are the keys to improve prognosis and reduce mortality.