本文认为在全球化背景下讨论世界上各民族、各文化的相处之道是十分必要的。在过去几十年中 ,现代化运动是最显著的社会文化变迁。现代化运动是由现代化理论引导的。但人们发现 ,经典的现代化理论有一个致命的弱点 ,那就是对文化多样性的忽视。文化多样性与生物多样性一样 ,对人类发展至关重要。为了人类社会的可持续发展 ,应该在各民族、各文化相处时倡导文化多样性的原则。 This article holds that it is absolutely necessary to discuss the ways in which all the nations and cultures in the world can live together in the context of globalization. In the past few decades, the modernization movement is the most significant social and cultural change. The modernization movement is guided by modernization theory. However, it has been found that there is a fatal weakness in the classical theory of modernization, which is the neglect of cultural diversity. Cultural diversity, like biodiversity, is crucial for human development. For the sustainable development of human society, we should advocate the principle of cultural diversity when all ethnic groups and cultures are living together.