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本文以早期威尼斯和法国专利权文献为基础,回顾了1545至1787年间对专利权的法律保护在这些国家的兴起与历史发展,并且与英国《垄断法令》的出现进行比较,在此基础上,作者认为现代知识产权的历史渊源可以追溯到一个在16世纪中期威尼斯共和国发展起来的专利法体系,法国、英国以及美国的专利法实际上都是这一法律体系的不同分支。作者也指出,研究知识产权保护在这些国家的历史演变对于理解美国宪法中的专利条款提供了重要借鉴,有助于人们认识到美国专利条款中一些模棱两可之处,也有助于对这一条款加以完善和修正。
Based on the earlier patent documents of Venice and France, this paper reviews the rise and historical development of the legal protection of patent rights in these countries from 1545 to 1787 and compares them with the emergence of “monopoly law” in Britain. On this basis, The author believes that the history of modern intellectual property can be traced back to a system of patent laws that developed in the Republic of Venice in the mid-16th century. The patent laws of France, the United Kingdom and the United States are in fact different branches of the legal system. The authors also point out that studying the historical evolution of intellectual property protection in these countries provides an important reference for understanding the patent clauses in the US Constitution, helping to recognize some of the ambiguities in U.S. patent clauses and also helping to make this provision Perfect and correct.