冷战时期,美国为了与苏联争霸世界,凭借其强大的经济实力和科技实力,建立了一个规模庞大、门类齐全、总体技术水平世界领先的国防科技工业体系,以满足其强大的现代化军事力量的需要。冷战后,美国及时调整了国家安全战略和军事战略,逐步缩小部队规模,不断降低国防费用。1995财年与1985财年相比,国防部总开支下降了35.5%,其中采购费下降66.5%,国防科研(研究、发展、试验与鉴定)费下降17.2%。与上述费用的减少形成鲜明对照的 During the Cold War, in order to compete with the Soviet Union for the hegemony of the world, the United States established a large-scale national defense science and technology industrial system with a wide range of categories and a world-leading overall technological level to meet the needs of its powerful modern military forces. . After the Cold War, the United States promptly adjusted its national security strategy and military strategy, gradually reduced the size of its troops and continuously reduced its defense costs. Compared with the fiscal year of 1985, the total expenditure of the Ministry of Defense decreased by 35.5% in 1995 fiscal year, of which purchase fees fell by 66.5%, and defense research (research, development, testing, and appraisal) fees decreased by 17.2%. In stark contrast to the above reduction in costs