如何高效记单词

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  我们许多同学学英语最头疼的就是记单词。花很多時间记住了,不久又忘了。究其原因,一是死记硬背,二是没能运用于句。背单词是英语学习不可缺少的,但是,不可死记硬背。何况死记硬背单词的过程枯燥乏味,效率低下,同时也抹杀了同学们英语学习的积极性。所以,我们要巧妙地去记忆单词,请看几个记单词的小技巧:
  1. 兴趣记
  对我们初中生来说兴趣是学习知识的内在动力,如果同学们感到了兴趣,就会渴望学习,对学习知识有热情。因此,我们可以多做一些英语单词猜谜游戏,单词接龙游戏,多听唱一些英文歌曲,看看一些英文动画片,英语电视小节目等。
  2. 感官记
  在日常生活中,可以多留心一些日常用品的英语名字。此时,我们的大脑、眼睛、耳朵、嘴巴等身体各个器官都一起开动起来,共同参与记忆。例如,我们喝一杯热水,我们不仅会想到hot和water,还会想到tea, drink, juice, milk, warm, cold, cool等。
  3. 构词法记
  英语的构词法主要有三种:合成、派生和转化。利用好这些特点我们记单词可以更加轻松。譬如,合成法,英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,我们称之为合成词,常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等。合成词就是把两个单词组合在一起,变成另一个新的单词。例如:headache头疼、waiting-room候车室、man-made 人造的、fireman 消防队员等。再如,转换法,即相同的单词,词性转换,词义也随之发生转换。cook厨师n.——v.烹饪、water n. 水——v. 浇水、hot adj. 热的——v.加热等。还有派生法,通过给单词添加前缀或后缀来改变词义:unhappy 不开心的、impolite无礼的、farmer 农民、scientist科学家、peaceful和平的、homeless无家可归的等。
  4. 音、形、义相关记
  仔细比较一些英语单词,我们会发现很多单词的音、形、义相似、相近或相反。抓住这些特点,更有利于我们对单词的记忆。例如:加减字母的:ear (耳朵)—near (近) / hear (听) / dear (亲爱的)/tear(眼泪) / fear (害怕)、year (年)等;还有改变字母的:fight (打架),light (灯),might(可能),night (晚上),right (正确的)等;音形同而义不同的:light (光)和 light (轻)等;形相近的:want (想要)→wait (等待)、read (读)→ready (准备好的);同义的:study / learn(学习)、big / large / great(大的)、 see / watch(看)等;义相反的:big(大) →small(小)、hot (热) →cold (冷)等。
  5. 分类记
  我们日常运用的单词太多了,如果能把单词归纳分类地记忆,就会轻松容易多了。
  例如,关于星期的单词:week(星期): Sunday (星期日), Monday (星期一), Tuesday(星期二), Wednesday (星期三), Thursday (星期四), Friday (星期五), Saturday (星期六)。
  关于季节的单词:season(季节): spring (春天), summer(夏天) , autumn(秋天), winter (冬天)等。还有关于颜色、数字、学科等等。
  我们把单词记住了,这并不是目的,我们还要会运用。我们的课本里,每单元都有核心句子总结,我们可以利用这些核心句子,在熟记单词的前提下反复练习运用,并且要和我们的生活联系起来,更能大幅度提升学习效率。
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