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目的 探讨体内心肌微环境及体外5-氮杂胞苷(5-aza)诱导脂肪间充质干细胞分化为心肌样细胞的作用差异.方法 取小鼠腹股沟的皮下脂肪组织,分离培养脂肪间充质干细胞(ADMSCs),对其进行表面标记和成骨、成脂分化能力鉴定.选取生长状态良好的第3代ADMSCs,分为5-aza体外诱导组、体内心肌移植组,体外诱导3周以及体内移植1周后,采用免疫荧光技术检测特异性心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)的表达.结果 两种诱导方法ADMSCs均表达cTnT,5-aza诱导组3周表达率(33.33±3.79)％,移植组1周表达率(42.93 ±4.04)％,移植组1周较5-aza诱导组3周具有更高的分化效率(P＜0.05).结论 体外5-aza化学诱导和体内心肌微环境均可使ADMSCs分化为心肌样细胞,但心肌微环境的诱导分化效率明显高于5-aza的作用.“,”Objective To explore the different effects between myocardial micro-environment in vivo and 5-azacytidine (5-aza) in vitro induced adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) into myocardial cells.Methods The ADMSCs were isolated from the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the groin area of mice and cultured.Their surface makers and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation ability were identified.The third-generation ADMSCs were randomly divided into two groups:a 5-aza induced in vitro group (for 3 weeks),and a myocardial transplantation in vivo group (for 1 week).Immunofluorescent staining was used to detect the expression of cardiac troponin T (cTnT).Results ADMSCs expressed cTnT in both groups.The expression rate in the 5-aza induced group after 3 weeks was (33.33 ± 3.79) ％;the expression rate of the transplantation group after 1 week was (42.93 ± 4.04) ％.Compared with the 5-aza induced group,the transplantation group had a higher efficiency of differentiation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ADMSCs can differentiate into myocardial cells in both in vitro 5-aza induced group and in vivo myocardial transplantation induced group,but the differentiation efficiency is significantly higher by myocardial microenvironment in vivo than that chemically induced in vitro.