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菜籽油是我国人民主要食用油之一,它含有丰富的脂肪酸,主要包括棕榈酸(C_(16:0))、硬脂酸(C_(18:0))、油酸(C_(18:1))、亚油酸(C_(18:2))、亚麻酸(C_(18:3))、二十碳烯酸(C_(20:1))、芥酸(C_(22:1))等,其中芥酸占脂肪酸总量50%左右.芥酸为碳原子较多的长链脂肪酸,在人体内转化较慢,不易被消化吸收.国际贸易规定,菜油中芥酸含量不得超过5%.据此,我国“六五”期间组织的油菜品质育种协作攻关规定,育出的油菜新品种芥酸含量不得超过1%.但据测定,我国芥菜型油菜芥酸含量为12.83—56.18%,新疆22份芥菜型油菜品种的平均芥酸含量为26.19%,大大超过了规定.为此,我们从1982年起开展了芥莱型油菜低芥酸育种工作.几年的工作实践表明,用纸层析法对早代材料进行芥酸定性测试,分析速度快,准确性高,筛选效果好.
Rapeseed oil is one of the main edible oils in our country. It contains rich fatty acids, including palmitic acid (C_ (16: 0)), stearic acid (C_ (C_ (18: 2)), linolenic acid (C_ (18: 3)), eicosenoic acid ), Etc., of which erucic acid accounts for about 50% of total fatty acids.Eric acid is a long-chain fatty acids with more carbon atoms, the slow conversion in the human body, not easy to be digested and absorbed .International trade regulations, erucic acid content in vegetable oil shall not exceed 5 % .Therefore, China’s “Sixth Five-Year” period organization rapeseed breeding coordination of research, breeding new rapeseed content must not exceed 1% .But according to the determination, the erucic acid content of our mustard-type rapeseed is 12.83-56.18% , The average erucic acid content of 22 B. juncea cultivars in Xinjiang was 26.19%, which greatly exceeded the requirement.Therefore, we carried out the low erucic acid breeding of Brassica napus since 1982. Several years of practice have shown that using Paper chromatography method for early qualitative erucic acid qualitative testing of materials, analysis speed, high accuracy, screening effect is good.