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背景:陆军航空兵空勤人员训练任务较重,对飞行人员的心理素质的评估及早发现相应的心理问题并及时处理。目的:比较陆军航空兵空勤与地勤人员心理健康状况的差异,并为制定相应常模提供参考数据。设计:整群抽样调查,配对设计。单位:解放军七一六八七部队、解放军七一五二一部队、解放军第四军医大学流行病学教研室。对象:2001-02用整群抽样的方式抽取了驻训部队陆军航空兵某部全体空勤人员122名,同时抽取地勤人员122名。按年龄相差不到3岁,性别、民族相同进行1∶1匹配的原则,全部被调查者均为男性,汉族,年龄23～52岁。方法:采用康奈尔健康问卷分别对陆军航空兵空勤人员和地勤人员进行调查,采用不计名、集中填写方式、被调查者当场填写独立完成,当场交卷。康奈尔健康问卷分18个部分,195个问题,涉及4个方面内容:躯体症状,既往史和家庭史,一般健康和习惯,精神症状。以康奈尔健康问卷总分≥30为有躯体和精神障碍,精神部分得分≥10为有精神障碍作为标准比较两组受试对象的心理健康情况。主要观察指标:空勤人员和地勤人员康奈尔健康问卷躯体和精神部分各因子分和总分。结果:空勤组和地勤组各122例的测试结果均纳入结果分析。两组受试对象躯体和精神症状评定结果:康奈尔健康问卷总分低得分者(总分为0～14分),空勤组高于地勤组(81.5%和59.8%,P<0.05);精神部分低得分者(得分为0～9分),空勤组明显高于地勤组(99.2%和91.8%P<0.01);有躯体和精神障碍者(总分≥30分,精神部分得分≥10分)者空勤组低于地勤组(4.1%和12.3%,P<0.05);有精神障碍者(精神部分得分≥10分),空勤组明显低于地勤组(0.8%和8.2%,P<0.01)。躯体部分空勤组除肌肉和骨骼、皮肤因子分高于地勤组外(P>0.05),余因子分皆低于地勤组,其中眼和耳、神经系统、泌尿生殖系统、疲劳感因子的评分两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05);精神部分空勤组各因子皆低于地勤组,除紧张因子外,其余各因子评分两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:陆军航空兵空勤人员康奈尔健康问卷总体心理健康状况优于地勤人员,空勤人员仍存在一部分心理健康问题。
Background: Army aviation aircrew training tasks heavier, the assessment of the psychological quality of pilots to detect the corresponding psychological problems and timely processing. OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference of mental health status between air force and ground crew of Army Aviation and to provide reference data for the establishment of corresponding norm. Design: Cluster sampling, matching design. Unit: 7,667 units of the PLA, 7,521 units of PLA, Department of Epidemiology, Fourth Military Medical University of PLA. Subjects: In 2001-02, 122 crew members of a certain PLA Army Aviation Forces component of the Forces Training Forces were sampled by cluster sampling and 122 ground crew members were also drawn. According to the principle that the difference of age is less than 3 years and the sex and ethnicity are the same 1: 1 match, all the respondents are male and Han nationality, aged from 23 to 52 years old. Methods: The Cornell health questionnaire was used to investigate the aircrew and ground crew of the Army Aviation respectively. Using unnamed and concentrated forms of filling, the respondents completed the questionnaire on the spot and handed in the papers on the spot. The Cornell Health Questionnaire is divided into 18 parts and 195 questions, covering four aspects: somatic symptoms, past and family history, general health and habits, and psychiatric symptoms. To Cornell health questionnaire total score ≥ 30 to have physical and mental disorders, mental part score ≥ 10 to have mental disorders as a standard comparison of two groups of subjects mental health. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Factor and total score of physical and mental components of Cornell health questionnaire for flight crew and ground crew. RESULTS: The results of the 122 tests for both the flight crew and ground handling group were included in the result analysis. Body and mental symptom assessment results of two groups of subjects: Cornell health questionnaire total score low scores (total score of 0 to 14), aircrew group than ground handling group (81.5% and 59.8%, P <0.05); The mental part of the low scorers (score 0-9), the flight attendants were significantly higher than the ground handling group (99.2% and 91.8%, P <0.01); those with physical and mental disorders (score≥30, mental part score≥10 (4.1% vs 12.3%, P <0.05); those with mental disorders (mental part score≥10), those in the ground crew were significantly lower than those in the ground ground crew (0.8% and 8.2%, P < 0.01). Except muscles and bones, the skin factor scores of the part of the airborne exercise group were higher than that of the ground-based group (P> 0.05), and the remaining factors were lower than that of the ground-based group. The scores of eyes, ears, nervous system, genitourinary system and fatigue index The difference was significant (P <0.05). Each factor in the mental part of the flight crew was lower than that in the ground crew. Except for the stress factor, the scores of other factors were significantly different between the two groups (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Cornell health questionnaire of Army aviation aircrew Corps Health overall mental health is better than ground crew, aircrew still exist some mental health problems.