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目的分析清远市鼠疫疫情、人群及媒介宿主动物监测情况,为制定鼠疫防治措施提供科学依据。方法在全市范围开展鼠疫疫情监测,在清新县设立人间和宿主动物间监测点,采集健康人血,捕捉活鼠进行血清学和病原学检验。对鼠密度和传播媒介鼠体蚤指数进行统计分析。结果2007年监测期间无鼠疫疫情和自毙鼠疫情报告;采集206份健康人血清进行鼠疫间接血球凝集试验(IHA-F1抗体)全部阴性;共捕获8种鼠形动物(活体和死体)381只,其中褐家鼠占70.52%,黄胸鼠占11.28%,板齿鼠占8.66%,黄毛鼠占3.41%,施氏屋顶鼠占3.15%:臭鼩鼱占1.57%,小家鼠占1.05%,青毛鼠占0.26%;家栖鼠占84.51%,野栖鼠占15.49%;雌雄鼠性别比例为1.31∶1;总鼠密度为10.76%,家栖鼠密度为10.14%,野栖鼠密度为11.33%;家栖鼠鼠体蚤指数为0.21,野栖鼠鼠体蚤指数为0.16。鼠体蚤总指数为0.2,印鼠客蚤指数为0.15,游离蚤总指数为0;采集活鼠血清318份进行鼠疫IHA-F1抗体检测全部阴性;对病变鼠脏器172份压印培养鼠疫杆菌,结果全部阴性。结论清新县主要鼠种是褐家鼠,主要蚤种是印鼠客蚤,暂未发现鼠类和人群的鼠疫感染情况。但仍存在鼠疫疫源地生态环境所具有的条件,应扩大监测范围,加强鼠疫相关宿主动物和传播媒介的监测工作。
Objective To analyze the plague epidemic situation, population and media host animal monitoring in Qingyuan City, and provide a scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control measures of plague. Methods The plague epidemic situation was monitored throughout the city. Monitoring points between human and host animals were set up in Qingxin County. Healthy blood was collected and the live mice were captured for serological and pathological tests. Statistical analyzes were performed on mouse density and vector rat flea index. Results No epidemic situation of plague and self-immigrant mice was detected during the surveillance in 2007; 206 healthy human sera were collected for indirect immunoelectron detection (IHA-F1 antibody) negative; a total of 381 animals (live and dead) were captured , Including 70.52% of Rattus norvegicus, 11.28% of Rattus flavipectus, 8.66% of Rattus flavipectus, 3.41% of Rattus norvegicus, and 3.15% of Schizochytrium roxburghii: 1.57% of stinkbugs and 1.05 of Mus musculus %, Young hamster accounted for 0.26%; domestic animals accounted for 84.51%, wild hamster accounted for 15.49%; male and female rats sex ratio was 1.31:1; total rat density was 10.76%, domestic rat density was 10.14% Was 11.33%; domestic flea rat flea index was 0.21, wild rats flea flea index was 0.16. The total flea flea index was 0.2, the guest rat flea index was 0.15, the total flea flea index was 0; 318 live serum samples collected from the plague IHA-F1 antibody test negative; Bacillus, the results were all negative. Conclusions The main species of Rattus norvegicus in Qingxin County is Rattus norvegicus. The main flea species are the rat-flea fleas, but no plague infection has been reported yet. However, the conditions for the ecological environment of the plague foci still exist. The monitoring scope should be expanded to strengthen the monitoring of plague-related host animals and the media.