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通过顶板组分测试、岩层稳定性力学分析、复合顶板变形破坏过程分析和现场监测等手段,对复合顶板煤巷的破坏机理进行系统研究,提出适合该类巷道的合理支护方式。研究结果表明:煤巷两顶角为剪切应力集中区,应及时加强支护,使顶板锚固层三铰拱有足够的法向锚固力,从而抑制岩层发生剪切滑移;顶板两顶角锚杆、锚索分别向两帮倾斜20°,可有效控制复合顶板煤巷的破坏。
Through the analysis of roof component, mechanical analysis of rock stability, deformation and failure process of composite roof and on-site monitoring, the failure mechanism of compound roof coal roadway is systematically studied and reasonable support methods are proposed for this kind of roadway. The results show that the two corners of the coal seam are the shear stress concentration areas, and the support should be strengthened in time so that the three-hinged arch of the anchor plate in the roof has sufficient normal anchoring force so as to restrain the shear slip of the strata. The anchors and anchor cables are respectively inclined to two sides by 20 °, which can effectively control the destruction of the compound roof coal roadway.