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以低碳和普通产品两个制造商和一个零售商组成的两级供应链系统为研究对象,探讨了供应链的差异化定价与协调机制问题。求解得到了两制造商和零售商的最优定价策略及可行的低碳产品生产成本范围。研究发现:1)分散决策的差异化定价策略无法达到供应链协调;2)在可行的低碳产品生产成本范围内,低碳产品制造商、零售商和整个供应链系统的利润都随低碳产品生产成本的增加而减少,只有普通产品制造商的利润随低碳产品生产成本的增加而增加。因此,降低低碳产品生产成本是促进低碳产品推广的关键。针对分散决策造成供应链效率损失的情况,采用Shapley值法进行协调,并给出了契约协调机制。最后,通过算例分析了消费者价格敏感性变化和低碳产品生产成本上升对最优决策和供应链利润的影响。
Taking the two-level supply chain system composed of two manufacturers of low-carbon and common products and one retailer as the research object, this paper discusses the problem of the differential pricing and coordination mechanism in the supply chain. The solution obtained the optimal pricing strategy of two manufacturers and retailers and the range of feasible low carbon product cost. The research found that: 1) Differentiated pricing strategy of decentralized decision-making can not reach the supply chain coordination; 2) The profits of low-carbon product manufacturers, retailers and the whole supply chain system are all within the range of feasible low-carbon product cost, The production cost of the product is reduced, and only the profit of the ordinary product manufacturer increases with the production cost of the low-carbon product. Therefore, reducing the production cost of low-carbon products is the key to promote the promotion of low-carbon products. Aiming at the loss of supply chain efficiency caused by decentralized decision-making, Shapley value method is used to coordinate and the contract coordination mechanism is given. Finally, an example is given to analyze the influence of the change of consumer price sensitivity and the rise of production cost of low-carbon products on the optimal decision-making and supply chain profit.