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以原型范畴理论和隐喻认知机制为基础,分析对比英文“bed”和中文“床”的语义,发现该词的义项在两种语言中基本一致,是人类认知共性的反映和体现。其词义演变方式呈辐射和连锁相交叉的趋势,而且各义项以隐喻方式为主要纽带,在语言的使用过程中其原型意义通过隐喻性认知产生出了新的含义,组成了一张复杂的语义网。该基本范畴词的多项语义分布揭示了人类认知水平的不断提高,以及中西文化存在的异同之处。
Based on the theory of prototype category and cognitive mechanism of metaphor, the semantic analysis of English “bed ” and Chinese “bed ” is analyzed and compared. It is found that the meaning of the word is basically the same in both languages and reflects the commonness of human cognition And reflect. The evolution of lexical meaning tends to cross with radiation and interlocking chains, and each meaning takes the metaphorical way as the main link. During the use of language, the archetypal meanings of metaphorical cognition create new meanings and form a complex Semantic Web. The multiple semantic distributions of this basic category word reveal the continuous improvement of human cognition and the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures.