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从进境美国高粱种子中分离到1种真菌,通过用不同培养基培养,观察菌落特征及病原菌形态特征,进行形态学鉴定;并结合分子生物学方法选取了目前常用的能够用于对Phoma属不同种进行区分的4个基因片段ITS、TUB、ACT和TEF进行PCR扩增、产物序列测定及比对分析,同时应用柯赫氏法则进行致病性测定,结果均表明该真菌为头状茎点霉病菌Phoma glomerata。此病原真菌在高粱上发现属于首次报道。该病菌是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物,寄主范围十分广泛,但在高粱中未发现有为害的报道,此次检出可判定高粱为该病菌的世界新寄主。
One kind of fungus was isolated from the sorghum seeds entering the United States. Morphological characteristics were identified by culturing the cells in different culture media, observing the characteristics of the colonies and morphological characteristics of the pathogenic bacteria, and combining with the molecular biology method, ITS, TUB, ACT and TEF, which were distinguished by different species, were amplified by PCR, sequenced and compared with each other. Koch’s rule was used for pathogenicity test. The results showed that the fungus was head-shaped stem Phoma glomerata. This pathogenic fungus was found on sorghum for the first time. The pathogen is a phytosanitary pest inhabited by our country. The host range is very wide, but no reports of harmful effects have been found in sorghum. The detection of sorghum is the new host in the world for the detection of sorghum.