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针对梅下毛瘿螨[Acalitus phloeocoptes(Nalepa)]为害造成的杏芽瘿进行了田间调查和室内研究。用石蜡切片法对受害芽组织形态进行了观察描述,采用蒽酮比色法、考马斯亮蓝G-250法及紫外分光光度法对受害芽可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、过氧化氢酶活性等进行了测定。结果表明:在所调查杏树栽培品种中杏芽瘿普遍发生,包括意大利杏、双仁杏、金太阳等10个品种,在甘肃省兰州市秦王川地区发生最严重时病情指数为48。梅下毛瘿螨主要侵染杏树幼芽,受害芽增生畸变,形成大小不等的刺状瘿瘤。瘿瘤切片观察结果表明:受害芽解剖结构发生了明显变化,芽轴自下而上膨大,木质化程度由内向外逐渐加剧,外侧幼叶木质化程度高,尤其是靠近芽轴的基部已完全木质化并且明显增厚,叶片外张,内层幼叶外露;幼叶表皮细胞大小不一,表皮显著增厚并且完全木质化,叶肉细胞排列乱而松弛,后期解体。受害芽与正常芽相比可溶性糖含量下降,最大降幅为49.85%,受害芽的可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸和游离脯氨酸含量均升高,最高分别上升9.85%、96.87%和69.44%,过氧化氢酶活性亦增加,最高增加106.82%。
Apricot budding caused by the damage of Acalitus phloeocoptes (Nalepa) had field surveys and laboratory studies. Paraffin sections were used to observe the morphology of the damaged buds. Anthrone colorimetric method, Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 method and UV spectrophotometry were used to analyze the soluble sugar, soluble protein and catalase activity of the damaged buds Determination. The results showed that apricot buds commonly occurred in the apricot cultivars under investigation, including 10 varieties of Italian apricot, double kernel apricot and golden sun. The disease index was 48 in Qinwangchuan, Lanzhou, Gansu Province. Mimosa scabies mites main infiltration of apricot sprouts, damage bud proliferation hyperplasia, the formation of thorny tumor of varying sizes. The observation results of the tumor slice showed that the anatomic structure of the damaged buds changed obviously, the bud axis enlarged from bottom to top, the degree of lignification gradually increased from the inside to the outside, and the degree of lignification of the outside leaves was high, especially the base close to the bud axis had been completely Lignification and significant thickening, leaf outside Zhang, inner young leaves exposed; young leaf epidermal cells of different sizes, epidermal significant thickening and complete lignification, mesophyll cells arranged in disorder and relaxation, the late disintegration. Compared with the normal shoots, the content of soluble sugar decreased by 49.85% in the buds and the contents of soluble protein, free amino acids and free proline increased by 9.85%, 96.87% and 69.44% Hydrogenase activity also increased, the highest increase of 106.82%.