科研设计(Research design)是“科学研究”工作具体内容、方法的设想和计划安排。任何科学研究事先必须有科学的设计,就象盖房子事先要进行建筑设计一样。这是每个科研工作者应掌握的基本功。可以说,在科学研究中,课题确定之后,出成果的水平在很大程度上取决于设计水平。有时,一个问题许多单位研究,经年累月仍得不出一致的结论,在复杂的原因中,设计和方法可能是一个主要问题。以局部 Research design is the idea and plan for the specific content and method of “Scientific Research.” Any scientific research must have a scientific design in advance, just as building a house must be preceded by architectural design. This is the basic skill that every research worker should master. It can be said that in scientific research, after the problem is determined, the level of output depends largely on the design level. Sometimes, many units of a problem study, and still have no consistent conclusions over the years, the design and methods may be a major issue in the complex reasons. Partially