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目的:了解《无锡市提高出生人口素质项目方案》实施前后,出生缺陷发生率及动态变化情况,为制订干预措施提供依据。方法:按《中国出生缺陷监测方案》对无锡市2005～2008年的214828例围产儿出生缺陷监测资料进行回顾性分析研究及统计学分析。结果:4年共发生出生缺陷1572例,出生缺陷总发生率7.32‰,项目实施前2年与后2年出生缺陷发生率分别是8.40‰、6.44‰,呈明显下降趋势,经χ2检验差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.918,P<0.001);前5位出生缺陷依次为先天性心脏病、总唇裂、多指(趾)、外耳其他畸形、神经管畸形;出生缺陷围产儿存活率总体略有上升趋势,差异无统计学意义(趋势检验:χ2=1.047,P>0.05)。结论:大力实施《无锡市提高出生人口素质项目方案》,普及优生优育知识,加强婚前、孕前、孕期检查及保健指导,全面开展产前筛查和产前诊断工作,对出生缺陷的构成产生了有利影响,并对有效减少出生缺陷发生是切实可行值得推广的。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the incidence and dynamic changes of birth defects before and after the implementation of the “Wuxi Program to Improve the Quality of Birth Project” to provide the basis for the formulation of intervention measures. Methods: A retrospective analysis and statistic analysis of 214828 cases of perinatal infant birth defects monitoring in Wuxi from 2005 to 2008 according to “China Birth Defects Monitoring Program”. Results: A total of 1572 birth defects and a total incidence of birth defects of 7.32 ‰ occurred during the past 4 years. The incidence of birth defects two years and two years after the implementation of the project were 8.40 ‰ and 6.44 ‰, respectively, showing a significant downward trend. The differences in χ2 test were (Χ2 = 27.918, P <0.001). The first five birth defects were congenital heart disease, total cleft lip, multiple digits, other deformities of the external ear and neural tube defects. The overall survival rate of birth defects There is an upward trend, the difference was not statistically significant (trend test: χ2 = 1.047, P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The “Wuxi Program to Improve the Quality of Birth Population” was implemented vigorously to popularize the knowledge of prenatal and postnatal care, strengthen premarital, prenatal and postnatal check-up and health care guidance, comprehensively carry out prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, resulting in the formation of birth defects Beneficial effects, and is effective to reduce the incidence of birth defects is feasible and worthy of promotion.