一、绪论 1.代数学的历史回顾代数是数学科学最基本、最古老的分支之一.在它之前已有算术,算术是解决日常生活中的各种计算问题,这些计算就是数的加、减、乘、除四则运算.开始只有整数四则,后来逐渐发展为分数四则.代数与算术不同,二者的主要区别在于前者引入未知数,根据问题的条件列方程,然后解方程求出未知数的值.因此,长期以来代数被理解为关于方程的科学. I. Introduction 1. Historical review of algebra Algebra is one of the most basic and old branches of mathematical science. Before it had arithmetic, arithmetic was a solution to various computational problems in everyday life. These calculations are the addition of numbers, Subtraction, multiplication, and division are four operations. At the beginning, there were only four integers. Then it gradually developed into four fractions. Algebra differs from arithmetic in that the main difference between the two is that the former introduces unknowns, the equations are listed according to the conditions of the problem, and then the equations are solved to find the values ​​of the unknowns. Therefore, algebra has long been understood as the science of equations.