五十年代以来,国内外对同工酶的研究取得了较快的进展。迄今为上,人们已在不同生物体内发现了一百多种酶具有同工酶。大量的工作证明,同工酶普遍地存在于生物体内。随着研究工作的深入,同工酶的分析已愈来愈多地应用于分子遗传、分子进化、生物分类、细胞分化、个体发育、杂交育种、病理生理等的研究,本文拟就同工酶的特性及其在育种上的应用等问题作一简单介绍.同工酶(Isozymes)一词最早由Markevt及Moller提出,指的是生物体内一些分子结构不同(或形式不同)而催化同一生化反应的酶。例如哺乳动物的乳酸脱氢酶(简称 Since the 1950s, the research on isozymes at home and abroad has made rapid progress. To date, more than one hundred enzymes have been found isozymes in different organisms. A large number of work proved that isozymes are generally present in the body. With the deepening of research work, isozyme analysis has been more and more used in molecular genetics, molecular evolution, taxonomy, cell differentiation, individual development, cross breeding, pathophysiology and other research, And its application in breeding, etc. The term Isozymes was first proposed by Markevt and Moller, which refers to the fact that some molecular structures (or different forms) in the organism catalyze the same biochemical reaction Of the enzyme. For example mammalian lactate dehydrogenase (referred to as