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目的了解陕西省近年来发现的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者所携带毒株的基因序列特征、亚型种类和毒株来源以及在各高危人群中的分布,推断其传播来源和流行趋势,为本省艾滋病防治工作提供技术资料。方法对HIV感染者进行流行病学相关因素调查,无菌采集HIV感染者抗凝全血,提取前病毒DNA,应用套式聚合酶链式反应(nested-PCR)扩增其膜蛋白基因env,对其C2~V3区及邻区的核苷酸序列进行测定,用GCG软件(Wisconsin公司)进行亚型分析。结果35份样本PCR扩增阳性并得到相应序列。经基因离散率计算和系统树分析,共发现4种HIV-1基因亚型和重组毒株,即HIV-1 B’、C、CRF01-AE和CRF-BC重组型。其中泰国B’亚型为主要流行株,占82.35%(28/34),主要来源于既往采供血者及其配偶;其次是CRF-BC重组型,占11.77%(4/34),主要来源于吸毒人群:CRF01-AE和C亚型各1份,分别占2.94%,均来自劳务输出的归国人员。该组样本B’亚型内的基因离散率为5.2%(n=23);而CRF-BC亚型内的基因离散率为0.9%(n=3),彼此间显示出较近的传播关系。结论陕西省HIV-1流行株以泰国B’亚型为主,发生在与既往有偿采供血相关的地区和人群,已有6~7年的流行史;首次在当地吸毒人群中发现HIV-1 CRF-BC重组型,并且显示近期高度流行的趋势。加强对既往有偿献血人群和吸毒人群的行为干预,控制HIV病毒在家庭内和吸毒人群中的传播,将是今后本省艾滋病防治工作重点之一。
Objective To understand the gene sequence characteristics, subtypes and strains originating from strains infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Shaanxi Province in recent years and their distribution in high-risk groups, infer the sources and trends of their spread, Provide technical information for AIDS prevention and control in our province. Methods Epidemiological factors were investigated in HIV-infected patients. Anticoagulant whole blood was collected from HIV-infected patients by sterile collection. The proviral DNA was extracted and nested-PCR was used to amplify the membrane protein env. The nucleotide sequences of C2 ~ V3 and its adjacent regions were determined and analyzed by GCG software (Wisconsin). Results 35 samples of PCR amplification positive and get the corresponding sequence. Four genotypes of HIV-1 and recombinant strains, HIV-1 B ’, C, CRF01-AE and CRF-BC, were found by genetic distance calculation and phylogenetic tree analysis. Among them, Thailand’s B subtypes were the major epidemic strains, accounting for 82.35% (28/34), mainly from previous blood donors and their spouses; followed by CRF-BC (11.77%, 4/34), with the main source For drug addicts: 1 each of CRF01-AE and C subtypes, accounting for 2.94% of the total respectively, all of whom come from returned service workers. The genetic divergence was 5.2% (n = 23) in the B ’subtype of the sample, while the genetic divergence was 0.9% (n = 3) in the CRF-BC subtype, showing a closer relationship with each other . CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 strains in Shaanxi province are predominantly Thai B ’subtypes, occurring in areas and populations associated with past paid blood supply and have a history of 6 to 7 years. HIV-1 was first found in local drug users CRF-BC recombinant, and shows the recent trend of high popularity. To strengthen behavioral interventions on past paid blood donors and drug addicts and to control the spread of HIV in the home and among drug users will be one of the focuses of AIDS prevention and control in this province in the future.