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目的:比较荧光酶联免疫法(简称ImmunoCAP法)和免疫印迹法(简称敏筛法)对主要吸入过敏原和食物过敏原特异性IgE(specific IgE，sIgE)检测结果的阳性检出率，为临床合理应用检测方法和解读检验结果提供依据。方法:收集2017年10月至2019年4月北京儿童医院过敏反应科门诊送检sIgE的458例过敏性疾病病例临床诊断和检测结果资料。全部病例均采用敏筛法测定主要吸入和食物过敏原sIgE，其中141例同时采用ImmunoCAP法定量测定吸入和食物过敏原sIgE，303例仅测定主要吸入过敏原sIgE，14例仅测定主要食物过敏原sIgE。依据疾病类型分为气道过敏疾病组293例、皮肤过敏疾病组14例和多系统过敏疾病组151例。依据年龄分为6岁组175例。分别在各疾病组间和各年龄组间对两种检测方法中的7种单价过敏原(户尘螨、猫皮屑、狗皮屑、鸡蛋白、牛奶、蟹、虾)阳性检出率进行比较分析。结果:在全部病例中，ImmunoCAP法检出户尘螨、鸡蛋白和牛奶sIgE的阳性率(30.6%、36.1%和43.2%)均分别高于敏筛法(21.2%、21.3%和21.3%)，差异具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。在各疾病组间，气道过敏疾病组和多系统过敏疾病组病例采用ImmunoCAP法检出户尘螨sIgE的阳性率(33.7%和24.6%)均分别高于敏筛法阳性检出率(23.4%和16.2%)，差异具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。多系统过敏疾病组采用ImmunoCAP法检出鸡蛋白和牛奶sIgE阳性率(47.6%和47.6%)均高于敏筛法(26.2%和25.2%)，差异具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。在各疾病组间两种方法检出猫皮屑、狗皮屑、蟹、虾sIgE阳性检出率差异均无统计学意义。在各年龄组间，6岁组采用ImmunoCAP法检出户尘螨sIgE的阳性率(14.9%、26.9%和42.3%)均高于敏筛法(5.7%、17.6%和32.6%)，差异均具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。<3岁组采用ImmunoCAP法检出猫皮屑sIgE阳性率(6.9%)低于敏筛法(16.1%)，差异具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。<3岁组和3～6岁组采用ImmunoCAP法检出鸡蛋白sIgE的阳性率(47.1%和33.3%)高于敏筛法(32.4%和15.0%)，差异具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。<3岁组和3～6岁组采用ImmunoCAP法检出牛奶sIgE的阳性率差异表现与鸡蛋白sIgE结果相近。n 结论:对7种主要吸入和食物过敏原sIgE检测结果比较显示，ImmunoCAP法和敏筛法检测户尘螨、猫皮屑、鸡蛋白、牛奶的sIgE阳性检出率存在差异，差异性依赖于过敏性疾病类型及年龄而有所不同，两种方法检测狗皮屑、蟹、虾sIgE的阳性检出率一致性尚可。临床应用时应综合分析，合理选择检测方法并科学解读检测结果。“,”Objective:To compare the difference on the positive detection rate of the main aeroallergens and food allergens specific IgE measured with the systems between fluorescence enzyme immunoassay(FEIA, referred to as ImmunoCAP system)and western blot(referred to as Allergy Screen system), in order to provide a basis for the rational application of methods and interpretation of the test results.Methods:The clinical information and sIgE test results data were collected from a total of 458 cases of allergic diseases from October 2017 to April 2019 in the outpatient clinic of Allergy Department in Beijing Children′s Hospital.All of the 458 cases were detected for a panel of common aeroallergens and food allergens sIgE level in their serum with the Allergy Screen system.Simultaneously, the above 141 cases were detected main aeroallergen and food allergen sIgE with ImmunoCAP system, while 303 cases only for aeroallergens and 14 cases only for food allergens.All of the cases were divided into three different phenotype groups according to the main target organ and diagnosis such as airway allergic disease group(n N=293), skin allergic disease group(n N=14)and multi-system allergic disease group(n N=151). Meanwhile, three different age groups were referred to as 6 years old group( n N=175). The same kinds of the allergens included in the two systems were house dust mite(HDM), cat dander, dog dander, egg white, milk, crab, shrimp, therefore data of sIgE to those seven allergens were compared.n Results:In all the enrolled cases, the positive detection rate of HDM, egg white and milk sIgE detected by ImmunoCAP system were significantly higher than those by Allergy Screen system(30.6%, 36.1% and 43.2% vs 21.2%, 21.3% and 21.3%). Among the disease groups, the positive detection rate of HDM sIgE detected by ImmunoCAP system was significantly higher in the airway allergic disease group and multi-system allergic disease group than those by Allergy Screen system, respectively(33.7% and 24.6% vs 23.4% and 16.2%). The positive detection rate of egg white and milk sIgE detected by ImmunoCAP system in the multi-system allergic disease group was significantly higher than those by Allergy Screen system, respectively(47.6% and 47.6% vs 26.2% and 25.2%). There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of cat dander, dog dander, crab and shrimp sIgE among the disease groups.The positive detection rate of HDM sIgE detected by ImmunoCAP system in all of the age groups were significantly higher than those by Allergy Screen system, respectively(14.9%, 26.9% and 42.3% vs 5.7%, 17.6% and 32.6%). The positive detection rate of cat dander sIgE detected by ImmunoCAP system in <3 years old group was significantly lower than that by Allergy Screen system(6.9% vs 16.1%). The positive detection rate of egg white sIgE detected by ImmunoCAP system in the <3 years old group and the 3 to 6 years old group were higher than those by Allergy Screen system, respectively(47.1% and 33.3% vs 32.4% and 15.0%). The difference in the positive detection rate of milk sIgE detected by these two methods in the <3 years old group and the 3 to 6 years old group was similar to the egg white.Conclusion:According to the analysis of seven kinds of major aeroallergen and food allergen sIgE results, there are differences between the two methods to detect HDM, cat dander, egg white and milk sIgE.It depends on the type of allergic disease and age.The positive detection rates of dog dander, crab, and shrimp sIgE detected by the two methods are consistent.In clinical application, comprehensive analysis should be made, testing methods should be selected rationally, and the results should be interpreted scientifically.