目的探讨后路一期全脊椎切除脊柱重建治疗胸腰椎肿瘤的疗效及优越性。方法应用后路全脊椎切除、钛网植骨椎体重建及后路椎弓根钉系统内固定治疗胸腰椎肿瘤9例。结果术后随访3~12个月。所有患者疼痛症状均消除,5例不完全截瘫患者平均恢复1.4(Frankel分级)级,1例大小便功能障碍者恢复,1例远处重要脏器转移死亡,所有随访达6个月的病例均骨性融合,无内固定松动断裂。结论后路一期全脊椎切除脊柱重建治疗胸腰椎肿瘤能有效切除肿瘤、重建脊柱稳定性、能够延长患者生存时间和提高患者生活质量。 Objective To investigate the efficacy and superiority of posterior total spondylectomy and spinal reconstruction in the treatment of thoracolumbar tumors. Methods Thoracolumbar tumors were treated with posterior total spondylectomy, titanium mesh bone graft reconstruction and posterior pedicle screw system internal fixation. Results The patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. The pain symptoms of all patients were eliminated. In 5 cases of incomplete paraplegia, the average recovering rate was 1.4 (Frankel grade), 1 case of urinary incontinence was recovered, 1 case of remote vital organs metastasis and death, all cases of 6 months follow-up Bone fusion, no internal fixation loose fracture. Conclusions The posterior approach for total spondylectomy and spinal reconstruction can effectively remove the tumor and reconstruct the spine. It can prolong the survival time and improve the quality of life of patients.