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微RNA（ miRNA）是一类具有21～22个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA，通过在转录后水平调节靶基因的表达，参与细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡等多种生理过程。 miRNA具有促癌或抑癌作用，在人类肿瘤的起源与演进过程中起重要作用，充当促癌基因或者抑癌基因作用，是极具敏感性的生物标志物及治疗靶点；相较正常组织，miRNA在胃肠胰神经内分泌瘤中亦存在显著差异表达，具有潜在临床价值。“,”MicroRNAs( miRNAs) are a family of 21-22 nucleotides,non-coding small RNAs that func-tion as posttranscriptional gene regulators.They are involved in critical biologic processes including prolifera-tion,differentiation and apoptosis.A myriad of studies have demonstrated that miRNAs can act as tumor-sup-pressors or oncogenes in the origin and progress of human neoplasms.Aberrant miRNA expression can be a sensitive hallmark and therapeutic target.It is reported that aberrant miRNA expression is also occurred in the development and progress of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,which is of potential clinical value.