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塔河油田是在长期发育的古隆起基础上形成的奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶—缝洞型大型油气田。碳酸盐岩形成于开阔—局限海台地环境,经历了后期多期次的构造运动、岩溶作用和成岩作用的叠加改造,因而其主要的储层特征是基质孔隙度和渗透率低,受构造和岩溶作用控制的非均质性极强的岩溶—缝洞型储层。本文对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的物性特征、类型、空间分布规律及其发育的控制因素进行了系统分析,进一步探讨了工区碳酸盐岩岩溶—缝洞型油气藏的成藏条件和有利因素,并指出了碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探要以多期多类型古岩溶发育为主要思路认识其成藏作用,对古隆起和古斜坡进行全方位的勘探。
Tahe Oilfield is a large-scale Ordovician carbonate karst-fractured large-scale oil and gas field formed on the basis of the long developed paleo-uplift. Carbonate rocks formed in the open-confined offshore environment and experienced multiple post-stage tectonic movements, karstification and diagenesis superimposition and transformation. Therefore, their main reservoir characteristics are the low porosity and permeability of the matrix, And karst-controlled karst-fractured karst reservoirs that are highly heterogeneous. This paper systematically analyzes the physical characteristics, types, spatial distribution and controlling factors of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield, and further explores the carbonate rock karstification-fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the work area Reservoir conditions and favorable factors. It is pointed out that the exploration of carbonate reservoirs should be based on multi-stage and multi-type palaeokarst development as the main idea to understand its accumulation and conduct comprehensive exploration of ancient uplifts and ancient slopes.