目的：研究横纹肌肉瘤（ＲＭＳ）中ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３、ＰＣＮＡ表达与其临床病理的相关性。方法：对５０例（随访４１例）横纹肌肉瘤进行免疫组化ＡＢＣ法标记。结果：ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３基因蛋白和ＰＣＮＡ，发现ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３、ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达率分别为２８％、７２％、７０％，其阳性表达与年龄、性别及不同组织类型的ＲＭＳ无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。但与分化程度有关，ｐ５３、ＰＣＮＡ在低分化ＲＭＳ阳性率分别为８５％、９５％，显著高于高分化ＲＭＳ４２．８％和１４．３％（Ｐ＜０．０５），随访存活１年以内的ｐ５３、ＰＣＮＡ阳性率均为８６．７％，亦明显高于存活超过３年以上的阳性率３３．３％和４１．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而ｂｃｌ－２在低分化ＲＭＳ阳性２０％显著低于高分化７１．４％（Ｐ＜０．０５），随访存活１年以内的阳性率１３．４％明显低于存活超过３年以上的４１．４％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｐ５３与ｂｃｌ－２阳性表达呈明显负相关，ｐ５３阳性率越高，而ｂｃｌ－２阳性率越低。结论：ＰＣＮＡ、ｐ５３、ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达能比较准确地反映ＲＭＳ的生物学特性，ｐ５３、ｂｃｌ－２可作为肿瘤预后显著相关的有效指标。 Objective: To study the relationship between bcl-2, p53 and PCNA expression and clinical pathology in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods: Fifty cases (41 cases were followed up) of rhabdomyosarcoma were identified by immunohistochemical ABC method. Results: The expression rates of bcl-2, p53 and PCNA were found to be 28%, 72% and 70% respectively. The positive expression of bcl-2, p53 and PCNA was not related to age, gender and RMS of different tissue types (P). >0.05). However, related to the degree of differentiation, the positive rates of p53 and PCNA in poorly differentiated RMS were 85% and 95%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of well-differentiated RMS 42.8% and 14.3% (P<0.05). Follow-up survival was within 1 year. The positive rate of p53 and PCNA was 86.7%, which was also significantly higher than the positive rate of 33.3% and 41.7% (P<0.05). The positive rate of bcl-2 in poorly differentiated RMS was 20%, which was significantly lower than that of highly differentiated 71.4% (P<0.05). The positive rate of follow-up survival within 1 year was 13.4%, which was significantly lower than that of survival exceeding 3 years. 41 .4% (P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the positive expression of p53 and bcl-2, the higher the positive rate of p53, and the lower the positive rate of bcl-2. Conclusion: The expression of PCNA, p53 and bcl-2 protein can accurately reflect the biological characteristics of RMS, and p53 and bcl-2 can be used as significant indicators of tumor prognosis.