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聚氯乙烯,简称PVC,是由氯乙烯聚合而成的高分子化合物,有热塑性。工业品是白色或浅黄色粉末,密度约1.4g/cm~3,含氯量56％～58％。低分子量的易溶于酮类、酯类和氯代烃类溶剂;高分子量的则难溶解。具有极好的耐化学腐蚀性,但热稳定性和耐光性较差,在140℃开始分解出氯化氢,在加工制品时需加稳定剂。电绝缘性优良,不会燃烧。主要用于制造塑料、涂料和合成纤维等。根据所加增塑剂的多少,可制取软质和硬质PVC。软质PVC可用于加工透明或不透明薄膜(如雨衣、台布、包装材料、农用薄膜等),人造革和电线套层等;硬质PVC可用于制造板材、管道、阀、门窗等。
Polyvinyl chloride, abbreviated as PVC, is a polymer compound polymerized from vinyl chloride and has thermoplastic properties. Industrial products are white or light yellow powder with a density of about 1.4g/cm~3 and a chlorine content of 56% to 58%. Low molecular weights are readily soluble in ketones, esters, and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents; high molecular weights are difficult to dissolve. Has excellent chemical resistance, but the thermal stability and poor light resistance, starting at 140 ° C decomposition of hydrogen chloride, in the processing of products need to add stabilizers. Excellent electrical insulation, will not burn. Mainly used in the manufacture of plastics, coatings and synthetic fibers. Depending on the amount of plasticizer added, soft and hard PVC can be made. Soft PVC can be used to process transparent or opaque film (such as raincoats, tablecloths, packaging materials, agricultural film, etc.), artificial leather and wire jackets, etc.; rigid PVC can be used to manufacture plates, pipes, valves, doors and windows.