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目的 探讨原发性先天性青光眼(primary congenital glaucoma,PCG)患儿与正常婴幼儿血浆中微小核糖核酸(miRNA或miR)-29b、miR-24、miR-200c的表达差异及临床意义.方法 收集2015年至2017年散发的PCG患儿16例血浆标本作为PCG组,另选年龄相近的正常婴幼儿共49例血浆标本作为正常人组.应用实时荧光定量PCR检测两组受试者血浆中miR-29b、miR-24、miR-200c的表达量,分析各自表达差异与病变严重程度的关系,并运用ROC曲线评价其诊断价值.结果 PCG组受试者血浆中miR-29b、miR-24、miR-200c相对表达量(0.31±0.19、0.17±0.16、0.55±0.18)明显低于正常人组(1.18±0.52、2.86±2.65、1.62±0.76),差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05);血浆中miR-24、miR-29b的表达与PCG病变严重程度有关,病变越严重,其表达量越低;ROC曲线表明miR-24和miR-29b对PCG疾病的诊断价值高于miR-200c.结论 血浆中游离的miRNA可作为辅助诊断PCG一种新的血浆标志物.“,”Objective To identify the expression differences of mircoRNA-29 b (miR-29b),microRNA? 24 (miR-24) and microRNA-200 c (miR-200c) in plasma of infants with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and normal,and analyze its clinical significance.Methods The expression quantity of microRNAs (miR-29b,miR-24,miR-200c) in plasma of PCG group (16 cases) and normal control group (49 cases) were detected by RT-PCR,and the relationship between their expression differences and severity of disease were analyzed.The diagnostic value of miRNAs for PCG was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results The expression quantity of miR-29b,miR-24,miR-200c in PCG group (0.31 ±0.19,0.17 ±0.16,0.55 ±0.18,respectively) were significantly lower than those in normal control group (1.18-±0.52,2.86 ±2.65,1.62 ± 0.76,respectively) (all P ＜ 0.05);The expression quantity of miR-24 and miR-29b in plasma was related to the severity of PCG,the more severe the disease,the lower the expression;ROC curve indicated that miR-24 and miR-29b had a higher diagnostic value for PCG disease than miR-200c.Conclusion Free miRNAs in plasma may be used as a new plasma markers for auxiliary diagnosis of PCG.