神经毒素β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的主要标志。最近的证据表明，在常见的散发性或晚发性AD形式中，脑Aβ水平升高是由清除受损而不是生产过度引起的。细胞表面受体的低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白-1（LRP1）已经被报道不仅在Aβ内吞起作用，还存在于血脑屏障系统及外周血、肝、肾等组织器官，并且通过血脑屏障或血脑脊液屏障有效地将Aβ转运至脑脊液或血液系统中，最后经外周组织器官清除至体外。在这篇综述中，描述了LRP1在Aβ外周转运及清除中的作用，其可能是降低脑内Aβ、改善认知功能障碍的安全有效的途径。“,”The neurotoxin β-amyloid (Aβ) is the main hallmark of Alzheimer′s disease (AD). Recent evidence suggests that, in common sporadic or late-onset forms of AD, elevated brain Aβ levels are caused by impaired clearance rather than overproduction. The cell surface receptor′s low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) has been reported to not only play a role in Aβ endocytosis, but also exist in the blood-brain barrier system, peripheral blood, liver, kidney and other tissues and organs, and transport Aβ to the cerebrospinal fluid or blood system by passing through the blood-brain barrier or the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier effectively, and finally clear it out of the body through peripheral tissues and organs. In this review, the role of LRP1 in the peripheral transport and clearance of Aβ is described, and it may be a safe and effective way to reduce Aβ in the brain and even improve cognitive dysfunction.