论文部分内容阅读
目的为了摸清北京德胜社区慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)的基本流行状况、疾病负担及相关的行为影响因素,了解社区居民对社区慢性病防治的实际服务需求,评价社区卫生服务中心(站)相应的服务供给水平及前期的防治成果,确定优先解决的管理问题,为制订下一阶段社区慢性病综合防治规划提供依据。方法采用现况研究、小组访谈,对社区15岁以上的居民整群随机抽样进行问卷调查。结果抽取到15个居委会共计5 726人进行调查,获得了德胜社区社会人口学诊断、流行病学诊断、行为与环境诊断、社区卫生服务可及性与居民需求诊断。德胜社区居民前四位的死因顺位依次为恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病,相关危险因素流行率依次为缺少运动、超重、口味偏咸等。提示我们今后应继续以高血压、糖尿病的预防干预和综合性系统管理为主,同时必须强化肺癌、肝癌等肿瘤的预防和早期筛检工作。结论德胜社区的社区卫生服务发展态势良好,长期坚持的慢性病管理已取得一定成效;主要慢性病的死亡率和疾病负担(潜在减寿年数,PYLL)已低于或明显低于全国和北京市的一般水平。
Objective To find out the basic epidemic situation, burden of disease and related behavioral factors of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) in Beijing Desheng community, to understand the actual service needs of community residents in the prevention and treatment of community chronic diseases, to evaluate the community health service centers (stations) The corresponding level of service supply and the prevention and treatment results of the previous period, and the management problems to be solved first, so as to provide the basis for formulating the comprehensive prevention and control plan of community chronic diseases in the next stage. Methods Based on the current situation and the group interviews, a random sample of residents over the age of 15 in the community was surveyed. Results A total of 5 726 persons from 15 neighborhood committees were selected to conduct the survey. Social demography, epidemiological diagnosis, behavioral and environmental diagnosis, community health service accessibility and residents’ needs diagnosis of Desheng community were obtained. The top four death causes of residents in Desheng community were malignant tumor, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and respiratory disease, and the prevalence of related risk factors were lack of exercise, overweight and mild salty tastes. It is suggested that we should continue to take prevention and early screening of high blood pressure, diabetes prevention and comprehensive system management as the mainstay, and we must strengthen the prevention and early screening of tumors such as lung cancer and liver cancer. Conclusion Community health services in Desheng community have enjoyed a good momentum of development. Long-term adherence to chronic disease management has yielded some results. The mortality and disease burden (PYLL) of the major chronic diseases have been below or significantly lower than those of the whole country and Beijing The general level.