提出了三种降低原油热输能耗的控制方法,即温度控制法、粘度控制法和流量控制法,并分别阐述了这三种控制方法的工作原理及特性。对这三种控制方法进行了对比,结果表明,控制流量法能直观地反映原油的实际输量和管壁的结蜡状况,可以达到节省燃料油,提高管输效率的目的。指出无论采用何种控制方法,都应依据不同的环境和条件而定。 Three control methods are proposed to reduce the energy consumption of crude oil, that is, temperature control method, viscosity control method and flow control method. The working principle and characteristics of these three control methods are respectively described. The comparison of these three control methods shows that the control flow method can intuitively reflect the actual output of crude oil and the waxing condition of the pipe wall, so that fuel oil can be saved and the efficiency of pipe transportation can be improved. Pointed out that no matter what kind of control methods should be based on different environments and conditions.