目的研究分析体质指数（ＢＭＩ）与非吸烟女性肺癌的关系。方法１９９２年２月至１９９３年１２月，根据在上海地区开展的一项大规模女性肺癌人群基础上的病例对照研究，共调查了非吸烟女性肺癌病例５０４例及人群对照６０１例。结果随着体质指数的降低，肺癌的危险性增加。以最低一组ＢＭＩ的调整比数比（ＯＲ）来看，与参比组相比，其患肺癌的危险性约增加了１倍，而且有明显的剂量反应关系存在（趋势检验，Ｐ＝０．０００２）。分析中调整了年龄、文化程度和经济收入三个混杂因素。进一步结合国内女性肺癌研究中所发现的一些主要危险因素，用非条件ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型调整了诸如被动吸烟、饮茶、眼睛受油烟烟雾刺激程度、烹调常用油类型、肺结核、肺癌家族史、月经初潮年龄和月经周期等因素，以及一些膳食营养素（如维生素Ｃ和Ｅ、β胡萝卜素、总能量和总脂肪的摄入量）。调整后的结果，ＢＭＩ与女性肺癌的关系仍然存在。研究中还按肺癌的不同组织学类型做了分析。结果是ＢＭＩ与女性肺癌的关系主要表现在肺腺癌。结论体质指数可能是非吸烟女性肺癌的危险因素之一。 Objective To study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and lung cancer in non-smoking females. Methods From February 1992 to December 1993, according to a case-control study based on a large-scale female lung cancer population in Shanghai, a total of 504 lung cancer cases and 601 controls were investigated in non-smoking women. Results As the body mass index decreases, the risk of lung cancer increases. According to the odds ratio (OR) of the lowest group of BMIs, the risk of lung cancer was approximately doubled compared with the reference group, and there was a significant dose-response relationship (trend test, P=0). .0002). The analysis has adjusted the three confounding factors of age, education level and economic income. Further integrating some of the major risk factors found in female lung cancer research in China, we used non-conditional logistic regression models to adjust such factors as passive smoking, tea drinking, eye irritation caused by fume smoke, common cooking oil types, tuberculosis, family history of lung cancer, menarche Factors such as age and menstrual cycle, as well as dietary nutrients (such as vitamin C and E, beta carotene, total energy and total fat intake). As a result of the adjustment, the relationship between BMI and female lung cancer remains. The study also analyzed different histological types of lung cancer. The result is that the relationship between BMI and female lung cancer is mainly manifested in lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusion Body mass index may be one of the risk factors for lung cancer in non-smoking women.