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月球是地球的天然卫星,是离地球最近的天体,是人类飞出地球、开展空间探测的首选目标。目前,月球探测已进展到人类重返月球、建立月球基地的新阶段。人类进行月球探测和载人登月,目的在于研究和了解月球,利用月球上特有的环境,建立天文观测台和多学科实验室,进行天体观测,生物医学和有关月球物理、化学与地质变化的研究,了解地-月系统和太阳系的起源;进而利用月球作为未来航天飞行进入深空的中转站和人类进入太阳系空间的第一个定居点;为建立利用月球资源的月球工厂奠定基础。
The moon is the Earth’s natural satellite. It is the closest object to the Earth. It is the first choice for mankind to fly out of the earth and carry out space exploration. At present, the moon exploration has progressed to a new stage where humans return to the moon and establish a moon base. The purpose of human exploration and manned moon landing is to study and understand the moon, use the environment unique to the moon, establish an astronomical observatory and multidisciplinary laboratory, conduct astronomical observations, biomedicine, and changes in physics, chemistry, and geology of the moon. Study and understand the origin of the Earth-Moon system and the solar system; use the Moon as a transit station for future space flight into deep space and the first settlement for humans to enter the solar system space; lay the foundation for the establishment of a lunar plant that utilizes lunar resources.