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为改善土壤质量,优化土壤微生物区系,采用田间小区试验与室内化验分析相结合的方法,研究了优化施肥结合施用腐殖酸钾及沸石对设施土壤微生物生物量碳氮的影响。结果表明:番茄生育期间,土壤微生物生物量碳和微生物生物量氮总体呈现出先增加后降低的变化趋势,微生物生物量碳出现的高峰期要早于微生物生物量氮。与不施化肥、农民习惯施肥相比,优化施肥的基础上添加腐殖酸钾、沸石能不同程度地提高土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量。优化施肥+沸石处理的土壤微生物生物量碳氮占土壤有机碳、全氮的比例最高,分别比不施化肥高41.2%和61.9%,比农民习惯施肥高9.1%和21.4%;其次是优化施肥+腐殖酸钾+沸石处理,分别比不施化肥高41.2%和38.1%,比农民习惯施肥高9.1%和3.6%。可见,优化施肥的基础上添加腐殖酸钾或沸石在一定程度上可以改善设施土壤质量。
In order to improve the soil quality and optimize the microbial flora of the soil, the effects of optimized fertilization combined with potassium humate and zeolite on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were studied by field plot and laboratory analysis. The results showed that during the growth period of tomato, soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen tended to firstly increase and then decrease, and the peak of microbial biomass carbon appeared earlier than microbial biomass nitrogen. Compared with no fertilization and farmer habitat fertilization, adding humic acid potassium and zeolite based on the optimized fertilization can improve soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content to some extent. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were the highest in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, which were 41.2% and 61.9% higher than those without fertilization and 9.1% and 21.4% higher than peasants’ habitual fertilization respectively. The second was to optimize fertilization + Humic acid potassium + zeolite treatment, respectively, higher than without fertilizer 41.2% and 38.1%, 9.1% and 3.6% higher than peasant habitat fertilization. Can be seen, based on the optimization of fertilization added humic acid potassium or zeolite to some extent can improve the quality of facilities soil.