“附保护第三人作用之契约”(Vertrag mit Schutzwirkung fur Dritte);为德国判例学说所独创,系谓特定契约一经成立,不但在契约当事人之间发生权益关系,同时债务人对于与债权人有特殊关系的第三人,亦负有注意、保护等附随义务,债务人违反此项义务,就该特定范围之人所受损害,亦应依契约法原则,负赔偿责任。质言之,即特定契约关系兼具保护第三人之作用。 德国判例学说最初创设此项制度,适用德国民法典第328条为第三人利益契约条款为当事人请求权基础,其主要意旨在于弥补德国民法典雇主责任制度的不足,加强保护与债权人具有特殊关系的第三人的利益。例如德国帝国法院1930年2月10日著名判例,承租人M太太委请修理行安装煤气表,由于修理行雇员 “With the protection of the role of the third party contract” (Vertrag mit Schutzwirkung fur Dritte); for the German case doctrine of the original, is the establishment of a specific contract, not only in the contract between the rights and interests of the parties, while the debtor has a special relationship with the creditors The third party also has the attendant obligations of guardianship and protection. The debtor, in breach of this obligation, should also be liable for damages suffered by those who fall within the scope of the contract in accordance with the contract law principle. In other words, the specific contractual relationship has the function of protecting the third party. The German case doctrine was originally created this system, the application of Article 328 of the German Civil Code provisions for the interests of third parties as the basis for the parties claim, its main purpose is to make up for the lack of accountability system of employers in German Civil Code, strengthen protection and creditors have a special relationship The third person’s interest. For example, the famous imperial court of Germany on February 10, 1930, the famous case, the lessee Mrs. M invited the repair line to install the gas meter, as the repair line employees