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目的:获得听力正常青年人宽频声能吸收率的标准值,并对宽频声导抗测试中的相关影响因素进行初步研究。方法:在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院临床听力学中心收集86例听力正常青年人(男女各43例),平均年龄(22.0±1.5)岁。纯音测听在250~8 000Hz范围各倍频程内,气导听阈≤25dB HL;226 Hz声导抗测试鼓室图均为A型。对所有受试者行宽频声导抗测试,宽频声导抗的测量是在226~8 000Hz之间,共107个倍频程点进行。结果:共对172耳的测试结果进行统计分析。①在250~8 000Hz范围内,声能吸收率测试值在低频范围内逐渐增大,在1 000~3 000Hz范围内达到峰值;后随着频率增加,声能吸收率测试值逐渐缓慢减小。②声能吸收率在4 200~4 900Hz区间内女性受试者测试值明显高于男性受试者。③性别与226 Hz鼓室图声顺值、峰压、宽度之间无显著相关性(P=0.319、0.831、0.786);性别与耳道容积之间有明显的相关性(P<0.01)。④性别与共振频率之间无显著相关性(P>0.05)。⑤身高体重与耳道容积有明显的相关性(P<0.05);耳道容积与共振频率间同时具有显著关系(P<0.05)。结论:听力正常青年人宽频声能吸收率在低频时吸收率较低,迅速增长;中高频声能吸收率值较高。宽频声能吸收率在不同性别间具有差异性,身高、体重对宽频声导抗的测试结果存在一定的影响,在临床应用中应分别选择上述参数的正常值,可增加中耳疾病诊断的特异度和灵敏度。
OBJECTIVE: To obtain the standard value of broadband acoustic absorption rate of young people with normal hearing, and to study the related influencing factors of broadband acoustic impedance test. Methods: Totally 86 young adults with normal hearing (43 males and 40 females) were collected at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. The average age was (22.0 ± 1.5) years old. Pure tone audiometry within the octave range of 250 ~ 8 000 Hz, air conduction threshold ≤ 25dB HL; 226 Hz acoustic conductivity test tympanogram are A type. Broadband acoustical impedance tests were performed on all subjects. The measurement of wideband acoustical impedance was performed at a frequency of 226-8000 Hz for a total of 107 octave bands. Results: A total of 172 ears of the test results for statistical analysis. ① In the range of 250-8000Hz, the sound energy absorption rate gradually increases in the low frequency range and reaches the peak value in the range of 1000-3000Hz. With the increase of the frequency, the sound energy absorption rate gradually decreases . ② Sound energy absorption rate in the range of 4 200 ~ 4 900Hz female subjects significantly higher than the male test subjects. There was no significant correlation between sex and 226 Hz tympanogram sound pressure, peak pressure and width (P = 0.319,0.831,0.786). There was a significant correlation between gender and ear canal volume (P <0.01). There was no significant correlation between gender and resonance frequency (P> 0.05). (5) There was a significant correlation between height and weight of ear canal and ear canal volume (P <0.05). The volume of auditory canal and resonance frequency also had a significant correlation (P <0.05). Conclusion: The broadband acoustic absorption rate of young people with normal hearing is lower at low frequency and increases rapidly. The higher middle-high frequency sound energy absorption rate is higher. Broadband acoustic absorption rate is different in different genders, height and weight have some impact on the test results of wideband acoustic impedance. In clinical application, the normal values of the above parameters should be selected respectively to increase the specificity of diagnosis of middle ear diseases Degree and sensitivity.