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过去的20年里,劳工标准在自由贸易协定中得到了广泛运用。美国、欧盟与中国均与各自的贸易伙伴积极签定自由贸易协定,在劳工标准的问题上形成了各自鲜明的风格:美国极力以强制措施推行要求最高的劳工标准,欧盟以倡导的方式推行较为温和的劳工标准,而中国通常只流露就劳工问题进行交流与合作的意向。尽管劳工标准是否应与贸易协定挂钩这一问题在理论上尚未定论,各国的贸易实践已经用脚投票,明确了劳工标准加入贸易协定已是大势所趋。中国有必要采取更为积极、更具有建设性的态度加以应对。
In the past two decades, labor standards have been widely used in free trade agreements. The United States, the EU and China both actively sign free trade agreements with their trading partners and have formed distinctive styles on labor standards: the United States makes every effort to impose the most demanding labor standards on coercive measures and the EU promotes more in an advocacy manner Modest labor standards, while China usually only shows its intention to exchange and cooperate on labor issues. Although the issue of whether labor standards should be linked with trade agreements has not been theoretically determined, trade practices of all countries have already voted with their own feet. It is clear that the inclusion of labor standards in trade agreements is the dominant trend. China needs to take a more active and constructive attitude to deal with it.