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以间苯二酚、间苯三酚和甲醛为反应物,在硝酸镍存在下,经过溶胶-凝胶、溶剂置换、常压干燥及高温炭化制得镍掺杂碳气凝胶材料。利用N2吸附法、XRD及FE-SEM-EDΛX对碳气凝胶的结构和形貌进行表征,利用循环伏安法、恒流充放电方法对制得的镍掺杂碳气凝胶材料在6 mol/L KOH中的电化学性能进行评价。XRD和FE-SEM-EDΛX测试表明,金属镍成功地掺入到碳气凝胶结构中,随着镍质量分数的增大,碳气凝胶结构中出现较大的孔道;N2吸附-脱附数据表明,镍质量分数为0.5%时,比表面积、总孔容、介孔率较大,表明少量硝酸镍的存在,起到造孔的作用。循环伏安及恒流充放电测试表明,在0~0.8 V电位范围内,电极材料具有典型的双电层电容和充放电可逆性,当镍质量分数为0.5%,在0.5 A/g的电流密度下测得的比电容为134.4 F/g。
In the presence of nickel nitrate, nickel-doped carbon aerogels were prepared by using resorcinol, phloroglucinol and formaldehyde as reactants through sol-gel, solvent replacement, atmospheric drying and high temperature carbonization. The structure and morphology of the carbon aerogels were characterized by N2 adsorption, XRD and FE-SEM-EDXX. Cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge method were used to characterize the structure of the aerogels. mol / L KOH electrochemical performance evaluation. XRD and FE-SEM-EDXX tests showed that nickel metal was successfully incorporated into the carbon-airgel structure. With the increase of nickel mass fraction, larger pores appeared in the carbon-airgel structure. N2 adsorption-desorption The data show that when the mass fraction of nickel is 0.5%, the specific surface area, the total pore volume and the mesoporosity are large, which indicates that a small amount of nickel nitrate exists and plays the role of pore-forming. Cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge tests show that the electrode material has typical electric double layer capacitance and charge-discharge reversibility in the potential range of 0 ~ 0.8 V. When the nickel mass fraction is 0.5%, the current at 0.5 A / g The specific capacitance measured at a density of 134.4 F / g.