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目的了解大学生乙肝疫苗的接种情况及其影响因素,为大学校园内开展乙肝预防工作提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,选取541名大学生,通过问卷调查了解大学生的性别、出生地等基本情况、学生家庭情况及乙肝知识了解程度等,经统计学的方法分析影响乙肝疫苗接种的主要因素。结果所调查的学生群体中,乙肝疫苗接种率为78.56%。不同出生地(χ~2=4.038,P<0.05),不同家乡地域(χ~2=6.457,P<0.05),不同年级(χ~2=45.937,P<0.05),周围有无乙肝患者(χ~2=18.707,P<0.05),对乙肝疫苗的重要性认识(χ~2=6.447,P<0.05),父母不同职业(χ~2=15.582,P<0.05)等能够影响大学生的乙肝疫苗接种行为。logistic回归分析结果表明,周围有乙肝患者,越有可能接种乙肝疫苗;越能认识到乙肝疫苗重要性的学生,接种乙肝疫苗的可能性越大;父母为医务人员的学生,更愿意接种乙肝疫苗。结论经济因素和对乙肝的了解程度可能是影响大学生乙肝疫苗接种的两个主要因素。政府和学校应共同采取措施,做好乙肝预防工作,促进大学生身心健康。
Objective To understand the inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine among college students and its influencing factors, and to provide the basis for hepatitis B prevention in university campuses. Methods A total of 541 undergraduates were selected by cluster sampling method. The questionnaires were used to understand the basic conditions such as sex, place of birth, family situation of the students and knowledge of hepatitis B, and to analyze the main influential factors of hepatitis B vaccination factor. Results Among the student population surveyed, the vaccination rate of hepatitis B was 78.56%. There was no difference in the incidence of hepatitis B in different birth places (χ ~ 2 = 4.038, P <0.05), different home areas (χ ~ 2 = 6.457, P <0.05) (χ ~ 2 = 6.447, P <0.05), and different occupations of parents (χ ~ 2 = 15.582, P <0.05), which could influence the hepatitis B Vaccination behavior. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with hepatitis B around were more likely to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine. The more students were able to recognize the importance of hepatitis B vaccine, the more likely they were to receive hepatitis B vaccine. Parents who were medical staff were more likely to receive hepatitis B vaccine . Conclusion The economic factors and the degree of understanding of hepatitis B may be the two main factors that affect the hepatitis B vaccination among college students. The government and schools should jointly take measures to prevent hepatitis B and promote the physical and mental health of college students.