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目的应用科学、客观和较全面的评价方法对中国卫生资源配置效率进行研究,为卫生事业管理科学化提供依据。方法采用数据包络分析和随机前沿分析,分别对2004—2013年间中国卫生资源配置的技术效率和成本效率进行评价分析,找出影响2种效率的因素。结果 2004—2013年,中国卫生资源配置技术效率不断提高,规模报酬趋于稳定,平均技术效率值为0.997,技术有效率为50%;中国卫生资源配置成本效率差异较大,平均成本效率值仅为0.690,有4个自变量(卫生人员数、诊疗人次、入院人数和平均住院日)对总成本具有负影响。结论政府相关部门应当重视效率测算,合理解决中国卫生资源配置中存在的问题,加强科学化管理。
Objective To apply scientific, objective and comprehensive evaluation methods to study the allocation efficiency of health resources in China and provide the basis for the scientific management of health services. Methods By using data envelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis, the technical efficiency and cost efficiency of China’s health resource allocation during 2004-2013 were evaluated and analyzed respectively, and the factors affecting the two kinds of efficiency were found out. Results From 2004 to 2013, the technical efficiency of China’s health resource allocation continued to improve, and the scale returns stabilized. The average technical efficiency was 0.997 and the technical efficiency was 50%. The cost efficiency of China’s health resource allocation varied greatly. The average cost-effectiveness value was only Was 0.690. There were 4 independent variables (number of health workers, number of visits, number of hospitalizations and average length of stay) had a negative impact on the total cost. Conclusion The relevant government departments should pay attention to the efficiency measurement, reasonably solve the problems existing in the allocation of health resources in China and strengthen the scientific management.