以中国的高油分自交系“高油”和欧洲高含油量品种“Sollux”的F1产生的282个株系组成的双二倍体(DH)群体为材料,在125个SSR标记座位构建的连锁图谱基础上,根据在中国和欧洲四个不同环境下的表型鉴定结果,采用混合线性模型基础上的QTL分析软件,对油菜3个重要农艺性状:株高,开花期和成熟期进行了数量性状基因座位(QTL)的联合定位分析,估测了这些QTL的加性、上位性以及与环境的互作效应。结果表明各性状均受多个加性、加加上位以及与环境互作的QTL控制。株高受多个QTL影响(12个位点具有加性或兼有环境互作效应,5个位点具有互作效应),以加性效应为主,加性效应总和可解释定位群体表型变异的75%左右,并多兼有上位性效应。12个主效QTL中,9个是“高油”等位基因相对“Sollux”有降低株高的作用,大多数加性×环境互作QTL的有效等位基因具有环境选择特异性。7个ae基因座位中,5个“高油”等位基因在杭州种植环境下,除一例外所有在德国环境下的互作基因座中,“Sollux”等位基因起着增加株高的作用,加加上位性主效总和为加性主效总和的三分之一。7个控制花期和8个控制成熟期的主效QTL中,分别有6个和5个是来自“高油”的等位基因相对“Sollux”具有提前开花和成熟的效应,这些QTL的效应总和占到性状表型变异的60%左右。5个位于第2和第12连锁群中的2个大效应QTL可能和已多次报导的VFN1和VFN3基因相近或相同。开花期和成熟期两性状均检测到显著的ae互作效应,双亲等位基因的效应在各环境下呈离散分布。位于14和19连锁群上的两个主效株高QTL同时也是控制开花期和油分含量的基因位点,因而利用这两个位点进行标记辅助筛选时要考虑到对油分含量的影响。控制成熟期的8个主效QTL中有3个同时也是控制开花期的基因座位,证实了开花期和成熟期高度正相关的遗传基础,两个生育性状均表现有较弱的QTL间加加上位互作,但以主效QTL的作用为主。 Constructed of 125 diploid (DH) populations from 282 lines derived from the high-oil inbred line “High Oil” in China and F1 from the European high-oil variety “Sollux”, we constructed a set of 125 SSR-tagged loci Based on the results of phenotypic identification in four different environments in China and Europe, QTL analysis software based on a mixed linear model was used to analyze three important agronomic traits of rape: plant height, flowering and maturity Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were jointly mapped to assess the additive, epistatic and environmental effects of these QTLs. The results showed that all the traits were controlled by multiple additive, additive and epistatic QTLs. The plant height was affected by multiple QTLs (additive or environmental interaction effect at 12 loci and interaction effect at 5 loci). The additive effect was the main effect. The sum of additive effects could explain the phenotypic characteristics of loci Variation of about 75%, and more both epistatic effects. Of the 12 main-effect QTLs, 9 were “high oil” alleles and had the effect of reducing plant height relative to “Sollux”. Most of the effective alleles of QTL with additive × environment interaction were environment-specific. Of the seven ae gene loci, five “high oil” alleles were all grown in Hangzhou with all but one of the loci in the German environment, with the “Sollux” allele playing a role in increasing plant height , Gaga epiphany adds up to one third of the sum of the main effects. Among the seven QTLs and eight QTLs controlling maturity, 6 and 5 were alleles from “high oil”, respectively, with the effect of “Sollux” being premature flowering and maturation. The sum of the effects of these QTLs Accounting for about 60% of phenotypic variation in traits. Five of the five large-effect QTLs located in the 2nd and 12th linkage groups may be similar or the same as the VFN1 and VFN3 genes that have been reported many times. Significant ae interaction was detected in both flowering and maturity stages, and the effect of parents alleles was discrete in all environments. The two major high-QTL loci located on linkage groups 14 and 19 are also loci controlling flowering and oil content. Therefore, the use of these two sites for marker-assisted screening should take into account the effect on oil content. Three of the eight major QTLs controlling maturity were also the loci controlling flowering stage, confirming the highly positive genetic basis of flowering and maturity, and both parents had weaker QTLs Host interaction, but the main effect of QTL role.