通过对历代文献中的乐舞记载和古墓葬、石窟、民俗文物中以乐舞为主要内容的考古学图像资料的梳理分析,尤其是对河南荥阳发现的北宋朱三翁石棺上的乐舞图像的详细分析可知,在历史悠久且多有流变的“散乐”传统中,腰鼓往往占有不可或缺的地位。其中,源于域外的单杖细腰鼓在南北朝时期传入中原后,很快生根发芽,不论是在宫廷还是民间,都经常在典礼仪式或日常娱乐活动中发挥其艺术与社会功能。 Through the analysis of the archaeological images of music and dance recorded in ancient literature and ancient tombs, grottoes and folk relics as the main content, especially the detailed analysis of music and dance images on the sarcophagus of Zhu San Weng of the Northern Song Dynasty found in Shenyang, In the long history and many more rhetorical “music” tradition, drums tend to occupy an indispensable position. Among them, the single-stick thin waist drum originating from outside the domain came to Central Plains after the Northern and Southern Dynasties and soon began to take root and germinate. It often performed its artistic and social functions in ceremonial rituals or daily entertainment activities.