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湿地是流域水资源和水循环的重要组成部分,是自然界最富生物多样性的生态系统和人类最重要的生存环境之一,它不仅为人类的生产、生活提供多种资源,而且具有巨大的生态环境功能和效益。湿地的水文功能主要包括调蓄洪水、补充地下水、提供水源、保持或改善水质、调节气候、保护海岸带等功能,其独特的水文功能对维持流域生态系统的健康和改善区域生态环境具有十分重要的意义。因此,湿地水文功能的研究已引起国内外学者的关注。本文从湿地水文、水文功能两个方面综述了国内外研究的现状,并指出了目前研究中存在的主要问题及未来研究的发展趋势。
Wetland is an important part of water resources and water cycle in the basin. It is one of the most important biological diversity systems in nature and one of the most important living environments for human beings. It not only provides a variety of resources for human production and life, but also has a huge ecology Environmental functions and benefits. Hydrological functions of wetlands mainly include flood control, groundwater recharge, water supply, water quality improvement, climate regulation and coastal protection, and their unique hydrological functions are very important to maintain the health of basin ecosystems and improve the regional ecological environment Meaning. Therefore, the research of wetland hydrological function has aroused the concern of domestic and foreign scholars. This paper summarizes the status quo of research both at home and abroad from two aspects of hydrology and hydrology of wetlands, and points out the main problems in the current research and the future research trends.