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目的分析浙南沿海地区鼠疫宿主动物、媒介昆虫和鼠疫耶尔森菌携带情况监测结果,为制定该地区鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据。方法在浙南沿海地区6个鼠疫历史疫区设监测点,参照《全国鼠疫监测方案》,分别开展宿主动物、媒介昆虫、血清学和病原学监测。结果 2010-2012年6个鼠疫监测点捕获宿主动物3目4科10属13种共12 233只,其中啮齿目2科7属10种,食虫目1科1属1种,食肉目1科2属2种。主要宿主动物为臭鼩鼯、褐家鼠和黄胸鼠,分别占41.03%、35.02%和13.30%。室内鼠密度为8.96%,室外为7.31%;平均染蚤率为4.63%,总蚤指数为0.134;鼠体蚤以缓慢细蚤为主,占73.55%。宿主动物血清学和病原学分别检测11 714份和10799份,均未检出阳性标本。结论在浙南沿海地区未发现鼠疫活动迹象,但是鼠疫宿主动物和媒介分布广泛,种群较多,应加强鼠疫宿主和媒介监测以及病原学检测,积极防范鼠疫输入性病例引起本地暴发流行。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of host animals, vector insects and Yersinia pestis in the coastal areas of southern Zhejiang and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies of plague in this area. Methods Six monitoring sites for plague in the southern Zhejiang coastal areas were set up. According to the “National Plague Surveillance Program”, host animals, vector insects, serological and etiological monitoring were conducted respectively. Results A total of 12 233 host animals belonging to 10 genera, 10 families, and 13 species were captured from 6 plague surveillance sites in 2010-2012. Among them there were 10 rodents in 2 families, 7 genera, 1 species in 1 genera and 1 species in carnivores. 2 genus 2 species. The main host animals were stinkbug, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus, accounting for 41.03%, 35.02% and 13.30% respectively. Indoor rat density was 8.96% and outdoor was 7.31%. The average infected flea rate was 4.63%, and the total flea index was 0.134. The flea fleece flea dominated, accounting for 73.55%. The host animal serology and etiology were detected 11 714 copies and 10799 copies, were not detected positive specimens. Conclusion There are no signs of plague in the coastal areas of southern Zhejiang Province. However, the plague host animals and vectors are widely distributed and have a large population. Host and vector surveillance and pathogen detection should be strengthened to prevent outbreaks of imported plague.