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欧盟治理的网络和多层级特点给其问责带来诸多问题,尤其是民主问责缺失或被弱化。本世纪初以来,公民社会组织的参与已成为欧盟治理中的核心要素,这一“参与转向”为其在欧盟问责中发挥作用创造了有利条件。鉴于欧盟政体的特殊性,有必要对问责概念乃至评价问责的视角做出调整,由此可以凸显公民社会组织的参与或者说社会问责在提高欧盟问责效果方面的积极作用,但是社会问责有其固有的弱点,因而只能是传统的民主问责的补充,而绝非替代。
The network and multi-level nature of EU governance have created many problems with its accountability, especially in the absence or weakening of democratic accountability. Since the beginning of this century, the participation of civil society organizations has become a core element in EU governance. This “shift in participation” has created favorable conditions for its role in EU accountability. In view of the particularity of the EU political system, it is necessary to make adjustments to the concept of accountability and even the evaluation of accountability. This can highlight the participation of civil society organizations or the positive role of social accountability in enhancing the effectiveness of EU’s accountability. However, Accountability has its own inherent weaknesses and can therefore only be complemented by traditional democratic accountability but by no means an alternative.