肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)是指血栓、脂肪、羊水、空气等栓子阻塞肺动脉系统引发的一组疾病或综合征。其他栓子很少见,故 PE 一般指血栓性。腔静脉血流区域血栓是 PE 栓子的主要来源,所以 PE 常与深静脉血栓(deepvenous thrombus,DVT)伴发,二者均属静脉血栓栓塞(venousthromboembolism,VTE)。PE/DVT 经常隐匿起病,致使重要诊疗措施延误,造成不良后果,近10年来内科学界已广泛重视,胸外科界也已开始重视这种并不少见的术后并发症。一、发生率与病死率胸外科资料很少,且以个案报道居多。引用最多的文献是 Ziomek 等的报道:77例开胸术,术前检出 DVT 4例 Pulmonary embolism (PE) refers to a group of diseases or syndromes caused by embolism blocking the pulmonary artery system with emboli such as thrombus, fat, amniotic fluid and air. Other emboli are rare, so PE generally refers to thrombosis. Venous thrombosis is a major source of PE emboli, so PE is often associated with deep venous thrombus (DVT), both of which are venous thromboembolism (VTE). PE / DVT often occult onset, resulting in important treatment delays, resulting in adverse consequences, the past decade the medical profession has been widely valued, thoracic surgery community has begun to attach importance to this is not uncommon postoperative complications. First, the incidence and mortality Thoracic data is very small, and the majority of cases reported. The most cited references are reported by Ziomek et al: 77 cases of thoracotomy, 4 cases of DVT detected preoperatively