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利用黑龙江省32个国家基本气象观测站2000~2010年间的逐日雨量资料,采用月雨量模型估算降雨侵蚀力,运用Arc GIS软件,分析黑龙江省侵蚀性降雨和降雨侵蚀力的空间分布特征。结果表明,黒龙江省32个气象站日降雨量达到侵蚀性标准(≥12 mm/d)的降雨时间为8~15 d/a,各站点达到侵蚀性标准的年平均降雨总量为206~391 mm;年均降雨侵蚀力为103.22~295.51(MJ·mm)/(hm2·h·a),并表现出中部较高、东部和西北部低于中部的特征,且呈现出以明水为中心向西北、东南缓慢递减的环状空间分布格局。年降雨侵蚀力空间分布基本与年降雨量空间分布相似,但不完全一致;年内降雨侵蚀力分布主要集中在6~9月份,大致在7月份达最高值,各站点6~9月份的降雨侵蚀力占全年的81%~98%,全年降雨侵蚀力集中度很高。
Based on the daily rainfall data of the basic meteorological observatories of 32 countries in Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2010, monthly rainfall model was used to estimate the rainfall erosivity. Arc GIS software was used to analyze the spatial distribution of erosion and rainfall erosivity in Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that the rainfall time of daily rainfall of 12 weather stations in Heilongjiang province was between 8 and 15 d / a with annual rainfall reaching ≥12 mm / d, and the annual average rainfall amount reaching 206 ~ 391 mm. The average annual rainfall erosivity was 103.22 ~ 295.51 (MJ · mm) / (hm2 · h · a) and showed the characteristics of higher central, lower eastern and northwestern China, As the center to the northwest and southeast slowly decreasing annular space distribution pattern. The spatial distribution of annual rainfall erosivity is similar to that of annual rainfall but not completely the same. The distribution of rainfall erosivity mainly concentrated in June-September, reaching the highest value in July and the rainfall eroded from June to September in each site The force accounts for 81% ~ 98% of the whole year, and the concentration of rainfall erosivity is very high throughout the year.