近年来儒家的贤能政治思想愈来愈被学者重视,大家期待着从中发掘出可以补充、发展现代民主政治的因素。一般认为儒家治理思想以德治为最高理念,而礼治是德治的外在形式,并保障德治实现的可能性。1而“尚贤使能”亦是孔子以来儒家念兹在兹的政治原则之一,同时也是德治理念的内在要求。2这样看来尚贤使能似乎也是礼治的内在要求。但二者 In recent years, Confucian virtuous political thought has been paid more and more attention by scholars, and we all look forward to discovering the factors that can supplement and develop modern democratic politics. It is generally believed that Confucian governance takes the rule of virtue as the supreme idea, and rule of ethics is the external form of governing by virtue and guarantees the possibility of the realization of virtue. However, “Shang Xian Enlightenment” is also one of the political principles Confucianism read since Confucius in Confucius, and it is also an inherent requirement of the concept of governing the country by virtue. 2 It seems Shangxian seems to also seem to be an inherent requirement of Rite. But both