一、引言宇宙线是一些由宇宙空间飞来的高能粒子,其能量可远远超过人工加速粒子所达到的最高值。因此,对于宇宙线进行实验观测,是高能物理和天体物理研究的一项重要工作。但是,超高能宇宙线的流强很低,其到达地球表面的时间也完全是随机性的,这就给探测工作带来很大的困难。首先,为了有效地进行探测,仪器必须经常处于灵敏的工作状态,以捕捉随时 I. INTRODUCTION Cosmic rays are some energetic particles coming from cosmic space whose energy far exceeds the highest value reached by artificial accelerated particles. Therefore, the experimental observation of cosmic rays is an important task in the field of high-energy physics and astrophysics. However, the flow of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is very low, and the time it reaches the Earth’s surface is also completely random, which brings great difficulties to the exploration. First of all, in order to conduct an effective detection, the instrument must always be in a sensitive working condition to capture anytime