目的调查镇江地区近2年小儿意外伤害的特点及其相关因素,探讨预防意外伤害的方法。方法回顾性分析江苏大学附属人民医院急诊医学中心接诊的711例小儿意外伤害患儿的种类、构成比、年龄特点及相关因素,为制定有效的预防措施提供科学依据。结果意外伤害常发生在儿童每日活动最多的地方,5～9岁是意外伤害的最高发年龄,而意外伤害死亡分布以<1岁组最高,大部分致伤因素均有监护人照顾不周的因素。结论意外伤害不仅与小儿自身生理和心理特点有关,而且与地域、家庭环境、社会条件、文化程度密不可分,加强对小儿监护人安全知识教育、培养小儿避免伤害能力以及加强全社会的安全意识是预防意外伤害的根本措施。 Objective To investigate the characteristics and related factors of accidental injuries in children in Zhenjiang in recent two years and to explore ways to prevent accidental injuries. Methods Retrospective analysis of 711 cases of accidental injury in children admitted to the Emergency Medical Center of People ’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University retrospectively analyzed the types, constituent ratios, age characteristics and related factors of children with adolescent accidental injury and provided scientific basis for the formulation of effective preventive measures. Results Accidental injuries often occurred in children with the highest daily activities. The highest incidence of accidental injuries was seen in children aged 5 to 9 years. The distribution of accidental injuries was highest in <1 year group, and most of the injuries were caused by poor guardianship factor. Conclusions Accidental injury is not only related to children’s own physiological and psychological characteristics, but also is inseparable from the geographical, family environment, social conditions and educational level. It is necessary to strengthen the education of children’s guardians’ safety knowledge, to cultivate the children’s ability to avoid injury, and to enhance the safety awareness of the whole society Accidental injury fundamental measures.