中国是全球22个结核病高负担国家之一,结核病人数仅次于印度,位居全球第二。根据我国传染病疫情报告,2005年报告的结核病发病率和病死率均占传染病的第一位[1],而儿童结核病是导致成人结核病的一个重要原因。因此,了解儿童结核病的现状与对策,对儿童健康 China is one of the 22 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis in the world, ranking the second in the world after India with the largest number of tuberculosis patients. According to the report on the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in China, the reported incidence of tuberculosis and case fatality in 2005 are the first among infectious diseases [1], while childhood tuberculosis is an important cause of adult tuberculosis. Therefore, to understand the status of children with tuberculosis and countermeasures, the health of children